Security officer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Security officer - Essay Example On November of this year, a teenager was charged with releasing separate DDoS attacks on Oxford University and Cambridge University. He was found to have conducted 17 counts of computer misuse, such as failing to offer passwords to the universities encrypted storage devices (Dunn, 2012). Also, nearly 100 universities servers across the globe were infringed by group of hackers identified as Team GhostShell. The group dumped students’ records onto the internet. The servers including those from Harvard University, Stanford University, University of Pennsylvania, as well as University of Michigan experienced the attacks on their Websites within their premises, and which were created autonomously for faculty members and departments. The group had managed to access over 120,000 students records from the breached servers, before publicly posting them online (Kingkade, 2002). The information included the names, cell-phone numbers, email addresses, and students’ login credential s. The hackers breached multiple servers within each of the universities thus accessing departmental Websites. Another instance is when a University of Nebraska, performed a data dump by gaining access to the university server that stores user passwords (DataBreaches.net, 2012). The cyber criminals targeted the university employees and students’ accounts, resulting in the targeted persons to spread the malware which then stole their personal information, as well as log-in credentials. The attacker had frequently phished for employees’ emails from LinkedIn, and sending students mass emails from social networking sites, before sending them emails asking for account information having attachments infected with a malware. The criminals then managed to come up with a Website that saw students and other faculty to view the data he had taken from the servers. In another incidence, the University of Arizona, experienced major computer breaches which saw student discovering the ir personal information they gave to the university by just conducting a simple Google search (Privacyrights.org, 2012). The hackers sent targeted emails or spear-phishing, with links to a Webpage that was designed to deceive the university employees responsible for student data, into inputting passwords. The emails comprised attachments which used an unknown gap in one of their flash software. Also, computer-protection issues at Ohio University saw the institution alumni being exposed to identity theft after hackers acquired their social security numbers. Some were not even able to conduct online shopping or obtain banking. The alumni data were compromised in a massive computer and security breach (Privacyrights.org, 2012). Question 2 The initial initiative is to educate employees and students on the various forms of cyber fraud scheme, such as informing them not to respond and even open attachments or links coming via unsolicited e-mails (Gallaher, Link, & Rowe, 2008). Secondly, w orkstation normally used for the institution online services are not used for common web browsing, e-mailing, or even social networking. The institutions internal and departmental activities are performed from more than one dedicated computer not used for online activities. There is also the constant use of spam filters, for instance SpamTitan costs as little $2 every user per year. The universities now use an IT security system that covers inside the institution, instead of the perimeter. Therefore, they employ consultants who understand what their users are conducting, and then locate any form of suspicious activities inside. Therefore, security information and event management referred to as SIEM by Wipro, deals with operational security, and log management requirements across an IT infrastructure. It cost $90 for a patch deployment for every system. It is offered in a managed services replica through its Soc-in-a-Box on a RSA platform. They monitor the university network traffic searching for any distrustful patterns (Wipro Technologies,

Making sense of data Essay Example for Free

Making sense of data Essay This is due to the atoms of the metal gaining kinetic energy. As they move faster they collide with passing electrons, inhibiting their passage. This creates not only resistance, but also more heat as electrons try to get rid of their energy. Considering all factors, I think that the results still clearly portray that there is a positive correlation between the length of wire and resistance. The resistivity of the metal can be calculated by using RL=k Where: R is resistance L is length K is the constant of resistivity (The ability of a metal to conduct). To maximise accuracy, I will use the point closest to the line of best fit to calculate this value. RL=k 200. 7=k 14? m=k This figure is a very rough approximation due to the Inaccuracy of the equipment used. Experiment 2: Cross-sectional Area and Resistance The purpose of this experiment is to prove the relationship between cross-sectional area and resistance. As the cross-sectional area increases, the resistance should decrease. This should happen because there will be more room for the electrons to flow through the metal. There will be fewer collisions, thus less resistance. This experiment was conducted by using multiple strands of wire, side by side. In order to calculate the total cross-sectional area, the number of strands multiplied the cross-sectional area of one strand. Note: Where the AreOhms column says E, this refers to Exp or x10^-4 ect. Cross-Sectional Area (m ) Amps (mA) Volts(V) Ohms(? ) Area(m ) Ohms(? ) Inv 0The cross-sectional area of wire used was 3310 cm, and the length was 1m for every trial. Using data from the above table: Yet again the resistivity can be calculated, this time using the equation: R = ? L A Where: R is resistance ?  m A graph to show the relationship between 1/R and Cross-sectional Area The positive correlation illustrates the proportionality between 1/R and the cross sectional area. The straight line is due to 1/R being the inverse of R. Instead of the resistance decreasing as the area increases on the graph, it makes both axes increase. This makes it easier to extract trends and identify errors. Also the regression of plots can be calculated. The regression of this particular line is 9. 919. This implies that the results plotted are almost perfect, that being 1. This exemplifies that there is definitely a relationship between the cross-sectional area of wire and the resistance. I would imagine that the minute errors are systematic. Small miss-calibrations in the equipment could lead to such errors, and using analogue meters would definitely contribute to this Conclusion In conclusion, both experiments have proven the relationships between the dimensional properties and resistance of wire. In each experiment, the resistivity of the wire was calculated. As it is a constant, it should always be the same for that particular wire. However, the resultant values arent incredibly similar. This may be due to the fact that Nichrome is an impure metal. Composed of both Chrome and Nickel, it may be un-uniformly proportioned, thus giving a different resistance. I would consider the second value to be the most accurate due to the fact that the line of regression on the graph is very close to 1 (perfect). It is very evident that there was a much larger error margin for the first set of results which could also be due to` lack of accuracy when measuring lengths of wire. Calculating is a much more reliable method, as illustrated in the cross-sectional area experiment. If I were to improve the experiment, I would use digital meters, which will have a much higher resolution and accuracy. To further the integrity of my results I would ensure that all measurements are made accurate and exact. As Physics Making Sense of Data Coursework 1 Calvin Stewart 22/04/2002 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.

An Analysis Of The Asean Regional Forum Politics Essay

An Analysis Of The Asean Regional Forum Politics Essay The end of the Cold War brought a fundamental change of security environment in Asia. As the East-West confrontation ended, US security policies became unclear. A power vacuum had been created in the region after the Soviet armed forces withdrew from Far East and Indochina, and the Chinese political influence was rapidly increasing. A multilateral forum for regional security was therefore ASEANs solution to the challenges that arose. In spite of the end of the Cold War, Asia still had problems such as tension on the Korean Peninsula, territorial disputes over the Spratly Islands, civil war in Cambodia and tension across the Taiwan Straits. These were problems that posed the threat of becoming severely destabilizing factors in the region. Although the United States had become the worlds only military superpower, in terms to burden sharing, its domestic economic problems as well as the global nature of all its affairs placed more demand on Asian countries. Therefore, Asian nations were preoccupied with this new set of circumstances in terms of security and how to get through the post-Cold War transitional period, while maintaining stability in Asia and ensuring its further development. The fundamental views of that emerged in the context of the above security threat were: In an uncertain post-Cold War era, promotion of confidence-building measures among Asian countries will be increasingly necessary. The Asia Pacific region will soon be facing new global issues such as the environment, terrorism, and drug trafficking. In order to address such issues, a regional cooperative framework is crucial and should be enhanced. The late 1980s and early 1990s marked a period of strategic shifts and uncertainty for Southeast Asia. Incorporating China and Japan into the web of interdependence with the rest of the region became imperative. It was recognised that United States engagement in the Asia Pacific region is indispensable for the stability and prosperity of the region. Thus, the ARF emerged. The ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) is the principal forum for security dialogue in Asia, complementing the various bilateral alliances and dialogues. It provides a setting in which members can discuss current regional security issues and develop cooperative measures to enhance peace and security in the region. It draws together 27 countries which that include the 10 ASEAN member states (Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam). To begin with, it is not hard to miss that the ARFs scope in terms of its member states goes far beyond South East Asia such that it includes a large number the developed and emerging powers of the world. In my view, this is an important characteristic of the ARF, which makes it unique compared to other security forums around the world. The reason behind this could be the idea of collective security. Most conflicts tend to involve national interests of major powers of the world. Therefore, their inclusion in the forum in a way ensures their consent or commitment towards peace and stability in the region. Formation of the ARF The ASEAN Regional Forum was primarily the outcome of states response to regional security problems that emerged post Cold War. The reasons for its formation can be looked via the two contrasting lenses of Realism and Idealism in order to grasp a wider interpretation. According to Realism, state action is a result of it national interests and a constant security dilemma that it faces. The concern for security motivates states to behave in a certain way, which in this case, was to come together and form a multilateral institution. Post-Cold War, there was a concern about changing strategic situation of South East Asia, wherein there was the fear that the attention and aid that the United States had showered during and before the Cold War would wane away. Moreover, the rapidly rising power of China was extremely worrisome and there was still a trust deficit that existed among the ASEAN countries and Japan- a hangover of Second World War ASEAN saw the ARF as a way to keep the US in, and China and Japan down. Moreover, the ARF could be seen as ASEANs way to maintain a balance of Power among the South East Asian Nations themselves. However, the realist interpretation of ARFs formation has a serious limitation. While it explains why the ARF was formed, it fails to explain why the forum was formed in spite of different interests that persisted among the ASEAN nations. What motivates countries to come together and trust each other, in spite of having varying goals and the constant security dilemma that was mentioned above. This limitation in explaining ARFs formation can be overcome by the explanation provided by the Idealist School of Thought. Idealists hold the view that shared norms and principals, as well as shared security concerns is what brought the ASEAN countries together to conjure up the idea of this forum. In an uncertain post-Cold War era, promotion of confidence-building measures among Asian countries became increasingly necessary. A serious threat was perceived to be posed by new global issues such as the environment, terrorism, and drug trafficking. In order to address such issues, a regional coope rative framework is crucial and should be enhanced. However, it is important to note that these nations didnt come together based on the above realization by themselves. Important track 2 level actors were involved to bring about this realisation about these shared norms, mutual benefits of forming ARF such as ASEAN-ISIS (Institutes of Strategic International Studies). Even so, besides the above reasons behind ARFs formation, what was it that motivated the major powers to join this forum? The consensus of the US is believed to be a result of US strategic reorientation post Cold War. The United States viewed ARF as a useful device to rein in China. Also, it saw the forum as an alternative way to deal with Asia-Pacific regional security without invoking bilateral ties which may have provoked China. Chinas joining is attributed to the fact that Beijing no longer saw multilateralism as a noose around its neck, but as an opportunity to make itself heard and understood by its neighbors on security and economic matters. This was a major change from Chinas view in the early 1990s. It is important to look deeply into the intricacies involved in the formation of the ARF because it gives us a deeper insight in the organizations role in Conflict Prevention and Confidence Building, which are important elements of Peacebuilding. The idea of forming a policy-oriented, security related dialogue with ASEAN at the centre- first proposed at ASEAN-Post Minstrel Conference (PMC) in Kuala Lumpur in July 1991. In January, 1992, an agreement was reached to strengthen political and security dialogue with non-ASEAN countries. In July, 1993, an agreement was reached to establish ARF, to include China and Russia. Finally, in July, 1994, 1st ASEAN Regional Forum was held in Bangkok. The Deepening of the ARF- Guiding Principles At the inaugural ARF in 1994, eighteen foreign ministers conducted a free discussion, without a prepared agenda or speech text. It served well to increase mutual understanding among the participants. Russia was unexpectedly active, while the Chinese attitude was cautious. China negatively reacted to the idea of using ARF to deal with specific security issues such as North Korean nuclear capability. After the discussion, though, all involved shared the view that the time was ripe to have security talks at the government level. They agreed to adopt the following as guiding principles for future dialogue. The Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia: It was signed in Bali Summit of 1976, responsible for changing ASEANs vision and future course. The United Nations Charter The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, which are as follows: Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity and national identity of all participating nations;  · The right of every state to lead its national existence free from external interference, subversion or coercion;  · Non-interference in the internal affairs of one another;  · Settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful means;  · Renunciation of the threat or use of force. The Zone Of Peace, Freedom And Neutrality (ZOPFAN) in Southeast Asia: This Declaration committed all ASEAN members to exert efforts to secure the recognition of and respect for South East Asia as a Zone of Peace, free from any manner of interference by outside powers. The Declaration called upon all members to broaden the areas of cooperation which would contribute to their strength, solidarity and closer relationships. The concept of the South East Asia Nuclear Weapon Free Zone (SEANWFZ): At the Bangkok Summit (1994), the ASEAN leaders signed the Treaty on the South East Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone, stressing its determination to contribute towards general and complete disarmament and the promotion of international peace and security. The Treaty also aimed at protecting the region from environmental pollution and the hazards caused by radioactive waste and other toxic materials. In its first sixteen years, the ARF has focused on confidence building measures and has made modest gains in building a sense of strategic community. But efforts to develop tools of preventive diplomacy and conflict management are still at an early stage. At the ARF Ministerial Meeting in July 2009, a Vision Statement was endorsed providing a roadmap to guide the direction of the ARF to 2020.   The Statement includes an undertaking to develop an ARF preventive diplomacy capacity.   In order to achieve this, ARF Ministers agreed that a Work Plan for Preventive Diplomacy be developed in the 2009-10 ARF cycle. ARF meetings and processes The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade has responsibility for ARF policy, in consultation with the Department of Defence. ARF meetings are held at Foreign Minister level, annually in July/August in conjunction with the ASEAN Post Ministerial Conference (PMC). The chair of ASEAN, which rotates on annual basis, is also the chair of the ARF. The principal formal ARF document is the ARF chairs statement issued after every ARF Ministerial meeting. The ARF is supported by the ARF Senior Officials Meeting which meets annually in May or June. Two ARF Intersessional Support Group (ISG) meetings on Confidence Building Measures and Preventive Diplomacy are also held at officials level each year, co-chaired by one ASEAN and one non-ASEAN member. Recommendations and outcomes of these ISG meetings feed into the ARF Senior Officials Meeting. The ARF conducts four Inter-Sessional Meetings (ISM) annually that represent focus areas of the forum. These are ISMs on Counter-Terrorism and Transnational Crime, Disaster Relief, Maritime Security, and Non-Proliferation and Disarmament. Second-track (non-official) institutions, such as the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific (CSCAP) and the ASEAN Institutes of Strategic and International Studies (ASEAN ISIS), have been instrumental in generating ideas and inputs for ARF (first track) consideration. The second-track institutions and networks conduct a number of seminars and working groups on regional security issues, involving academics, security specialists and officials participating in a personal capacity. Through its discretionary grants program, the Department supports the activities of AUS-CSCAP (the Australian Member Committee of the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific). The merit of track two level institutions is that they manage to deal with sensitive issues without creating tensions among states. This leads to fresh approaches, early warning mechanisms, etc. The inclusion of Track 2 level diplomacy is a unique feature of the ARF as a security forum. No other major security forum in the world employs this approach. ARFs Role in Conflict Resolution In ARFs 1995 concept paper it was recognized that the forum is relatively new and would take a gradual evolutionary approach towards building a conflict resolution capacity, rather than trying to tackle security challenges without having the appropriate capability to engage itself in the same. A consensus was reached on how this evolution can take place in three stages: Stage I : Promotion of Confidence-Building Measures Stage II: Development of Preventive Diplomacy Mechanisms Stage III: Development of Conflict-Resolution Mechanisms In the first 16 years since its inception, the ARFs activities have mainly revolved around building trust and confidence in the region, a practice whose basis lies in ASEANs well established practices of consultation and consensus (musyawarah and mufakat) The participants of the first ARF Ministerial Meeting in Bangkok in July 1994 agreed on the need to develop a more predictable and constructive pattern of relations for the Asia-Pacific region. In its initial phase, the ARF committed itself to therefore concentrate on enhancing, the trust and confidence amongst participants and thereby foster a regional environment conducive to maintaining the peace and prosperity of the region. In promoting confidence-building measures, the ARF adopted two complementary approaches. The first approach derives from ASEANs experience, which provides a valuable and proven guide for the ARF. ASEAN has succeeded in reducing, tensions among, its member states, promoting region cooperation and creating a regional climate conducive to peace and prosperity without the implementation of explicit confidence-building measures. ASEANs well established practices of consultation and consensus (musyawarah and mufakat) have been significantly enhanced by the regular exchanges of high-level visits among ASEAN countries. This pattern of regular visits has effectively developed into a preventive diplomacy channel. The second approach was the implementation of concrete confidence-building measures. The first ARF meeting, in Bangkok entrusted the next Chairman of the ARF, Brunei Darussalam, to study all the ideas presented by ARF participants and to also study other relevant internationally recognised norms, principles and practices. After extensive consultations, the ASEAN countries have prepared two lists of confidence-building measures. The first list spells out measures which can be explored and implemented by ARF participants in the immediate future. The second list is an indicative list of other proposals which can be explored over the medium and long-term by ARF participants and also considered in the immediate future by the Track Two process. These lists include possible preventive diplomacy and other measures. It was decided that given the delicate nature of many of the subjects being considered by the ARF, there was merit in moving the ARF process along two tracks. Track One activities will be carried out by governments. Track Two activities will be carried out by strategic institutes and non-government organisations in the region, such as ASEAN-ISIS and CSCAP. To be meaningful and relevant, the Track Two activities focus, as much as possible, on the current concerns of the ARF. The synergy between the two tracks would contribute greatly to confidence-building measures in the region. Over time, these Track Two activities should result in the creation of a sense of community among participants of those activities. This is another unique strategy adopted by the security forum in addition to its controversial strategy of non-interference. There remains a residue of unresolved territorial and other disputes that could be sources of tension or conflict. If the ARF is to become, over time, a meaningful vehicle to enhance the peace and prosperity of the region, it will have to demonstrate that it is a relevant instrument to be used in the event that a crisis or problem emerges. The ARF meeting in Bangkok demonstrated this by taking a stand on the Korean issue at the very first meeting. This was a signal that the ARF is ready to address any challenge to the peace and security of the region. Over time, the ARF must develop its own mechanisms to carry preventive diplomacy and conflict-resolution. In doing so, the ARF will face unique challenges. There are no established roads or procedures for it to follow. Without a high degree of confidence among ARF participants, it is unlikely that they will agree to the establishment of mechanisms which are perceived to be intrusive and/or autonomous. This is a political reality the ARF recognises. Conclusion It is clear from the above analysis that the ARF must be accepted as a sui generis Organisation. It has had no established precedents to follow and has carved out a unique path for itself as a security organisation. A great deal of innovation and ingenuity will be required to keep the ARF moving forward while at the same time ensure that it enjoys the support of its diverse participants. This is a major challenge both for the ASEAN countries and other ARF participants. The UN Secretary-Generals Agenda for Peace has recognised that just as no two regions or situations are the same, so the design of cooperative work and its division of labour must adjust to the realities of each case with flexibility and creativity. It has been 16 years in the formation of the ARF and in its first fifteen years, the ARF has focused on confidence building measures and has made modest gains in building a sense of strategic community and having achieved the status of being one of the most peaceful regions of the world. But efforts to develop tools of preventive diplomacy and conflict management are still at an early stage. And one can only wait and watch how the vision 2020 moves towards the 3rd stage of Conflict Resolution. ARFs approach has of course earned a lot of flak, especially for its policy of non interference. It is often argued and wondered as to how a security organization can ensure security in a region if it does not make efforts to stop internal conflicts. After all, in the present age of globalisation, even conflicts no longer restrict themselves to boundaries and are bound to become transnational sooner or later. The ARF has even earned the nick name of a talk shop in certain critiques. However, it is imperative to recognize that the ARF by running on the basis of ASEAN values has played a much more important role with regard to creating a basis of trust and confidence in order to achieve mutual benefits in the region. In the words of Winston Churchill, To jaw-jaw is better than to war-war. And this is where the ARF has scored. The fact remains that today, the region of South East Asia remains one of the most peaceful and stable regions in the world, and it has managed to do so, on the basis of shared norms and values rather than realpolitik. And the world can learn a lesson from that.

Ballads of Remembrance by Robert Hayden :: Robert Hayden

In 1962 Robert Hayden wrote a collection of poems entitled Ballads of Remembrance. This collection is comprised of 36 poems that are separated into 4 groups. Each group refers to a different focus of remembrance; for example, one group focuses on the struggle of African Americans in terms of finding identity and a sense of transcendence. "Those Winter Sundays" is part of the group of poems that focuses on remembrances of Hayden’s childhood, past, and personal struggles. Hayden had an extremely harsh and conflicted childhood. His parents were divorced at a young age, and his mother left him with a foster family in Detroit whose name, Hayden, he ended up adopting. He grew up in a very poor neighborhood called Paradise Valley, which was not a "paradise" at all. He had separate issues with his foster mother and father, who were both stern people. His father encouraged Robert to gain an education in order to lift himself out of poverty. Yet, at the same time, his father found it difficult to communicate with his foster son, who always had his head in a book or was constantly studying. The lack of verbal communication between his father and himself can be seen in his poem "Those Winter Sundays." The overall impression of the poem is that love can be communicated in other ways than through words; it can be communicated through everyday, mundane actions. For example, in the poem, the father awakens on "Sundays too" to warm the house with a fire and polish his sons shoes. There is a sense of coldness in the beginning of the poem through the lines: Sundays too my father got up early and put his clothes on in the blueblack cold. Hayden’s father is not only bringing physical warmth to him by making the fire; he is also bringing spiritual warmth to him. By the end of the poem, the reader feels an overall sense of warmth as the poet comes to a better understanding of his father’s unappreciated actions. In terms of Romanticism, the idea of transcendence seems to be present in the poem in regard to the fact that the father-son relationship is beyond words. The relationship exists, but it is difficult to articulate. Also the idea that Hayden is rising to a deeper understanding of his relationship with his father is present. There are lines in the poem that state: When the rooms were warm, he’d call, And slowly I would rise and dress.

Genital Mutilation In Sudan :: essays research papers fc

The lights are dim and the voices quiet. Tension fills the room where Nafisa, a six-year-old Sudanese girl lies on a bed in the corner. Her aunt, 25-year-old Zeinab, watches protectively as her niece undergoes the procedure now known as female genital mutilation (FGM), formerly called female circumcision. In this procedure, performed without anaesthesia, a girl's external sexual organs are partially or totally cut away. Zeinab does not approve. For the past year she has been trying to persuade her mother and sister to spare Nafisa from the procedure. She lost the battle with her family, but she will stay at her niece's side. She watches Nafisa lying quietly, brave and confused, and remembers her own experience. Zeinab underwent the procedure twice. At six years old she had the more moderate form of FGM, called Sunni, in which the covering of the clitoris is removed. When she was 15 the older women of her family insisted she have the Pharaonic form, which involves removal of the entire clitoris and the labia and stitching together of the vulva, leaving just a small hole for elimination of urine and menstrual blood. Zeinab still remembers the pain, the face of the women performing the procedure, the sound of her flesh being cut. She also remembers bleeding and being sick for weeks. This extreme form of FGM has been performed on 82 per cent of Sudanese women, according to a recent survey. Today, 85 to 114 million girls and women in more than 30 countries have been subjected to FGM. Female genital mutilation has long been performed to ensure chaste or monogamous behaviour by suppressing female sexuality. It is commonly -- although erroneously -- attributed to religious edict. In fact, neither Islam nor Christianity officially sanctions it. FGM is dangerous. It is estimated that untrained traditional birth attendants perform two thirds of the procedures. They typically have limited knowledge of health and hygiene and often use inadequately cleaned traditional instruments. Side effects of FGM include trauma, bleeding and haemorrhage; pain, stress and shock; infections (which can be fatal); painful and difficult sexual relations; obstructed labour and difficult childbirth; and psychological trauma. The effects can last a lifetime. The practice was declared illegal in the Sudan in 1941, but that did little to stop it. About 90 per cent of northern Sudanese women have had it done. Why does FGM continue? In surveys, the most common reason

Applying Ethics in the Armed Forces

In Rob Reiner’s 1992 film, â€Å"A Few Good Men†, two ethical approaches to life are illustrated most profoundly in four main characters.   Protagonist Lieutenant Daniel Kaffee, played by Tom Cruise, is in direct moral contrast to the antagonist of the film, Colonel Nathan Jessep, played by Jack Nicholson.   Kaffee effectively illustrates the importance of using the ethical framework of the common good approach while Jessep shows the flaws inherent in the virtue approach.The approach taken by Kaffee ensures that society is seamless in morality and that the Marines are not a group that is outside of either the law or common morality.   Jessep, however, shows that virtues or ideals that commanders demand of subordinates in the military can contradict the virtues of the common person and the common good.The remaining important two characters are the conflicted and court-martialed Lance Corporal Harold W. Dawson and Private Lowden Downey.   These are Marines that re sted their trust in their commander and must later learn to trust their attorney Kaffee and the integrity of military law.Dawson and Downey first come to the attention of Lieutenant Kaffee when the two are accused of causing the death of Private William Santiago.   It was later discovered that the two were either directly or indirectly encouraged to initiate a â€Å"Code Red’, which is a form of Marine self-policing, where weaker member were scared via different methods to become stronger, better Marines.The men have allegedly stuffed a rag into the mouth of Private Santiago, resulting in his death.   It becomes clear that the men will not speak of the crime in question, due to the honor code of Marines.It later becomes clear, as well, that Gitmo is viewed as a very different place with very different values.   When the Marine Commander Jessep is accused of his role of creating such an immoral climate that results in a man’s death, he states that he has â€Å"a greater responsibility than [you] can possibly fathom†.Learning that the military culture may have a separate moral culture surrounded with different ethical mores, the question becomes are Dawson and Downey are morally blameworthy?Since Colonel Jessep appears to utilize the virtue approach while simultaneously instilling an atmosphere of silence and brotherhood in his Marines at Gitmo, a small island apart from the rest of the world, to not follow his instructions would be unthinkable.   To Jessep, his Marines are men above reproach and question and given the task of protecting their fellow soldiers in a place that is always in danger of outside harm.   The virtue approach that he instills in men like Dawson and Downey are to the effect that â€Å"a person who has developed virtues will be naturally disposed to act in ways consistent with moral principles† (Velasquez, et al, 1996).These virtues and principles were the cornerstone of the survival of the two men in question, they believed that there was no possible to way to refute or refuse any orders given by their virtuous commander.   The virtues practiced and preached by Jessep were courage, strength, silence, and submission.Above all else these men learned, also, that they must always submit to their superiors in all they were asked to do.   For this reason, these men are not entirely blameworthy, as if they would have refused direct orders, they would have lost their virtue and in essence the very fabric of their lives.   The moral questions of virtue and common good become the fabric of the court hearing.Lieutenant Kaffee concerns himself with the ethical issue of the common good approach to ethics and instills the positive points of virtue theory by displaying compassion, fairness, and integrity.   The Common Good approach essentially deals with an idea that individual good is equated and ensured with public good and that individual, honorable traits should be shared as a comm unity in a healthy fashion.In this way, goodness, is not good if it is not shared.   It can be said, then, that in order to recognize good to share it, we must also be able to recognize bad or â€Å"evil†, in order to know how to counter it in a world of free will.â€Å"Appeals to the common good urge us to view ourselves as members of the same community, reflecting on broad questions concerning the kind of society we want to become and how we are to achieve that society† (Velasquez, et al, 1996).In this way Kaffee shows that Gitmo is a part of the larger world and that justice should be served to ensure that the military and the rest of the world can achieve fairness.   Jessep is shown as culpable in his actions and Kaffee assures Dawson that a person does not need to have a patch on his or her arm to have honor.This phrase means so much to the Marine, who was simply following orders in a misguided mission.   Had he not been subjected to the immorality of his co mmander, he would have been a good soldier.   But, he cannot return to his duties and must then show honor in his daily life, hopefully Kaffee has illustrated this honor and the uselessness of rank, faulty reasoning, and a simple patch on one’s arm that does not assume morality.In closing, â€Å"A Few Good Men† in an excellent film to analyze in context of morals and ethical approaches.   The two illustrated approaches of virtue and the common good can be seen as a recurring theme throughout the work.   The actors all display their ideas and ideals of morality and a code of honor.The misguided and displaced ethical approaches and results are magnified to display their potential risks while the important and useful ethical approaches are displayed in memorable fashion with justice being more than a part of a court proceeding, it becomes a part of a new honor code for all affected.ReferencesSchickel, Richard.   (December 14th, 1992).   â€Å"Close-Order Moral Drill†.  Ã‚   Time.  Ã‚  Ã‚   70.Velasquez, M., Andre, C., Shanks, T, Meyer, S. J. & Meyer M.   (Winter, 1996).  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Thinking Ethically:   A Framework for Moral Decision Making† in Issues in Ethics.   2-5.

Popeyes vs Kentucky Fried Chicken Essay

Popeyes: To be the world’s best quick service restaurant. Being the best means providing outstanding quality service, cleanliness, and value, so that makes every customer in every restaurant smile. SWOT Analysis: Strengths: The strength of Popeyes is based on its distinctive brand and style of Louisiana spicy chickens that it provides on its menu along with its chicken sandwiches, chicken tenders, fried shrimps and other seafood, jambalaya, red beans and rice and other regional items. Popeyes is a highly differentiated brand with passion for its New Orleans heritage n flavorful authentic foods. Weakness: Popeyes is second to its sister company KFC. About 90% of their domestic restaurants are concentrated in Tennessee and Louisiana. Most of their restaurants are located in heavily populated African-American neighborhoods; giving them higher chances of being robbed and giving them a higher close-out outlook. Opportunities: Popeyes serves the food that the world craves and is continuing to expand its global reach. Popeyes operates and franchises 1,977 restaurants in 45 states and 26 foreign countries and out of the 1,977 restaurants 1,542 of them are domestic franchise restaurants and 397 of them are international franchises. Approximately 55% of the international franchises are located in South Korea, Canada and Turkey. Threats: Most of Popeyes’ locations can be founded in urban neighborhoods. The local competition on neighborhood fried chicken restaurant offer lower price to Popeyes’ corporate pricing. There are poor customer base in certain areas and natural disasters. The SWOT analysis for the future of Popeyes looks to be great. Due to more consumer wanting the taste and feel of â€Å"southern hospitality† style food, many franchises are starting to pop up in many neighborhoods across America and internationally. When it comes to the marketing aspect of Popeyes, the company markets itself to a non-southern resident base that has always wanted to experience the idea of â€Å"southern hospitality†. Popeyes goes with the idea of being â€Å"Louisiana Fresh and Bonafide Fried Chicken†. With its combination of southern spices, herbs and regional foods on its menu; Popeyes brings the flavors of Louisiana to your taste buds. The advantage that Popeyes have over their competition is that they cater to a more diverse and international customer base. They offer and have both domestic and international franchising if an individual domestic or foreign wanted to franchise a Popeyes location. Their international franchising extends as far as South Korea. It is owned and operated by Yum Brands; the same company that owns and operate KFC, Taco Bell and Pizza Hut. One distinct advantage is that all Popeyes franchises do not share the same building as you see a Pizza Hut and a Taco Bell or a KFC and a Taco Bell. One major improvement that I feel Popeyes should improve upon is its domestic in minority based neighborhood for the safety of its employees and monetary losses and its minority base advertisement concept. They should appeal to all neighborhoods and advertise to the appeasement of all. Popeyes sells chicken so their â€Å"target market† is anybody who likes chicken. So to make it more sensible, their target markets are young, single individuals, married couples and families and older citizens who do not time at home to be in the kitchen at all times. Their age group goes as low as five and as high as 65. You can now see Popeyes in all sort of neighborhoods: Black, White, Hispanic and Asians just to name a few. If you ever work in a Popeyes, you will see the diversity of the people who like fried chicken. The opportunity for growth in this target market is great. Because as the current market ages, they are still going to be consumers of the same products as they have been and will encourage those that they bring along to be consumer of the same products as well. One obstacle they should be concerned about as a company on the rise is â€Å"disinterest† due to the lack of creativity if they do not become more imaginative and creative. As a human, the mind gets boring after doing and having the same thing over and over. They should also be concerned of a stiffer competition market from their competitors. Everybody wants to be the number one brand that is preferred but it is the company who is always thinking ahead and calculating risk and rewards to be the preferred brand that stays the preferred brand. Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC): The Kentucky Fred Chicken mission statement is â€Å"To sell fast food in a fast, friendly environment that appeal to pride conscious, health minded consumers†. Vision Statement: Food, Fun & Festival, this is what KFC is all about. Leading the market since its inception, KFC provides the ultimate chicken meals for a Chicken Loving Nation. Be it Colonel Sanders secret original Recipe Chicken or Hot & Spicy Version, every bite brings YUM on our face. At KFC we can proudly say, â€Å"We Do Chicken right†. SWOT Analysis:  Strengths: Kentucky Fried Chicken is a very famous chain of quick-service chicken restaurant that started from Louisville, Kentucky. The company is became a sub-brand of Yum Brands in the year 2002 and benefitted greatly from the position and brand value of Yum foods. In the past, KFC chain of restaurants grew at a very fast pace and has become today one of the largest chicken restaurants chain in the world. KFC has been known to be an innovator in the chicken restaurant segment with an annual sale of more than a billion dollars. The KFC as a brand is well established in the dining out as well as delivery service provider in the fast food industry. Despite the entrance and presence of many competitors in the fast food industry the company was able to retain its large loyal customer base because of its unique offering. Due to this reason the KFC ranks highest when it comes to chicken restaurant chains, convenience restaurants and variety food provider. KFC currently has more than fifty percent of the market share in fast food industry and the new competitions are finding it very difficult to capture any of its share. Over the years KFC has gained great recognition as a reputable brand for fast food even after the death of Col. Sanders and has globally positioned itself well in the industry. Weaknesses: When other companies in the chicken industry were trying to increase its market share; KFC were not able to compete well in the market or retain its customers. Also the special paper buckets that is now used by the KFC for delivering large sized orders was originally introduced by Wendy’s restaurant. The company has entered so many markets in the past in the United States that its growth rate was about only one percent a year. KFC has said not to pay attention to its resource and development. Opportunities: KFC has been trying to enter new markets and position itself in some of the hard to enter markets like South America. With more investments; the company can definitely make its position stronger in the food industry. More spending on the resources and development as well as introducing new food items and products KFC can increase its market share and profits. Threats: The competitors of KFC have successfully captured a large market share. According to findings McDonalds has about 35 percent of the share in Sandwich Segment whereas the Burger King owns about sixteen percent of the market share in fast food industry. The local restaurants in different countries where KFC has presence pose a threat to the company. The baby boomers formed the major part of the loyal customers of the company that now have ages between 35 to 50 years and are likely to move towards healthier foods. The other competitors in the industry are continuously improving and trying to enter new markets and increase their market share and sales. With the lifestyle of people changing due to growing awareness about healthier food people now look for something healthy, low calories and delicious at the same time. KFC as a company is doing well in its global positions and how it is the number one preferred brand in the â€Å"quick-service chicken† restaurant industry. KFC and more accurately, owners of KFC, Yum! Brands Inc. is the foreign company with the largest presence in China. KFC dominates the fast food market in China and is well over twice as large as McDonald’s there. KFC implemented a better strategy than McDonald’s in China. While McDonald’s tried to stay true to their menu and kept their product offering in China somewhat similar to what the rest of the world knows (burgers and fries); KFC incorporated local dishes with their famous fried chicken. They also looked more to local employees to make big decisions instead of just taking their instructions from the U. S. headquarters. This allowed KFC to enter the hearts, minds and stomachs of more Chinese people. KFC have many advantages over their competitors in terms of production, innovation, and ways of appealing to the satisfaction of their target market. Since its introduction into the American way of life, KFC has managed to always keep its original startups but yet adding new favorable additions to suit the needs of each generation. KFC provides a quick and easy meal. It can also be bought in large amounts. KFC can improve on its customer service at certain locations. Even though its mostly a franchising based company but yet the franchisee should take it upon themselves to train better and better equip their franchises to hand the demands of their negative aspects of their stores. The interesting area for growth with KFC is in its international markets. If KFC can take the same approach that it took when it franchised in China, the results will be more international investments from different individuals who see the opportunity as a way to invest in something new. With being the number one international â€Å"quick-service chicken† restaurant, there can instances where language barrier can play a factor in transitioning into the newer markets. And also they should be concerned with the pricing they implement in those new markets that they explore as well.